West Germanic, the ancestor of Old High German, Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Old Low Franconian and others which in turn gave rise to modern German, Dutch, Flemish, Low German, Frisian, Yiddish and, ultimately, English.

西日语是高地日语、撒克逊语、弗里斯语、低地弗肯语和其他语言的祖先，这些语言又产生了现代德语、荷语、佛芒语、低地德语、弗里斯语、意第绪语，最后是英语。